Photovoltaic farms are a relatively new type of energy investment in Poland. The number of photovoltaic installations in our country is growing year by year - renewable energy sources are not only a significant saving, but also environmental protection. This is why more and more people are choosing this solution.
These modern and innovative solutions in the form of photovoltaic installations allow for the conversion of solar radiation energy into electrical energy and are suitable for households, businesses and farms.
Trust the professionals and invest in a Solar-Project photovoltaic farm. We will carry out a site inspection especially for you, completely free of charge.
- The number of photovoltaic installations in our country is growing year by year
- Renewable energy sources mean significant savings
- Modern and innovative solutions
What are photovoltaic farms?
Photovoltaic farms, also known as PV farms or photovoltaic power plants, are extensive systems that use solar energy to produce electricity using photovoltaic technologies. This is an infrastructure designed to collect, process, and transmit electrical energy with a capacity of several dozen kilowatts to several megawatts. In other words, a photovoltaic farm is nothing more than a power plant, the purpose of which is to produce and distribute electricity to the local grid.
The main components of a solar farm include photovoltaic panels (photovoltaic modules), mounting structures, inverters, electrical systems, and the appropriate infrastructure for collecting and transmitting electricity to the grid or storing it in batteries.
A solar farm can come in a variety of sizes and applications, from small installations in distribution centers or manufacturing halls to large solar power plants with significant production potential. Its main goals are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, increase the availability of clean electricity, and support sustainable development and energy independence. Solar farms are becoming increasingly popular due to their environmental friendliness and the economic benefits associated with renewable energy production.
How much power does a photovoltaic farm produce?
Solar farms usually have a capacity of several dozen kilowatts to several megawatts. Their great advantage is the fact that they are much faster and easier to build than other energy installations. As for Poland, the largest photovoltaic farm has a total capacity of 204MW and is located in Zwartów.
Photovoltaic farms include not only such large installations - smaller investments can also be found here. Practically every entrepreneur can decide to launch such a farm.
Photovoltaic farms and building permits
According to the regulations in force for 2025, the installation of photovoltaic devices with an installed electrical capacity of up to 150 kW does not require a building permit. However, for installations with a capacity exceeding 6.5 kW, it is necessary to agree on the construction design in terms of compliance with fire protection requirements and notify the State Fire Service authorities. In the case of photovoltaic farms with a capacity above 150 kW, it is necessary to obtain a building permit, and for installations with a capacity above 1 MW, it is also necessary to conduct an environmental impact assessment and obtain an environmental decision. Detailed regulations on this matter can be found in the Act of 7 July 1994 - Building Law and the Regulation of the Council of Ministers of 10 September 2019.
Source: isap.sejm.gov.pl
Selecting a location
The location of a photovoltaic farm is an extremely important issue: it is a high-power investment and such installations are usually built on the ground or on the roofs of large industrial buildings. All types of photovoltaic installations must have the best possible access to sunlight - after all, it is from sunlight that they generate electricity. The panels must be located so that they receive as much sunlight as possible. Moreover, it is good for there to be a low or medium voltage network near the investment (the type of this network determines the size of the installation that we can connect to it). Thanks to the close proximity to the network, it will be easier to obtain connection conditions and conclude a connection agreement.
A very common practice in the case of investments in photovoltaic farms is to use uncultivated agricultural land with an area of at least 2 hectares, in soil class IV or lower, not shaded by trees and buildings, located on flat terrain, 200 meters from a medium voltage power line.
Documents and environmental decision
To implement an investment in the form of a photovoltaic farm, in addition to a building permit issued by the district head, the following are necessary:
- construction design - A construction design is required for farms with a capacity greater than 150kW.
- installation connection conditions (these are obtained after submitting an appropriate application, which must specify the power plant parameters).
Moreover, the investor must check whether the property on which the photovoltaic installation is to be built is covered by the local spatial development plan. If so, its implementation must be consistent with the local spatial development plan.
Investing in a photovoltaic farm also involves obtaining an environmental decision. Is it necessary in every case? This is stated in the regulation of the Council of Ministers of September 10, 2019 on projects that may have a significant impact on the environment
(source: http://prawo.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU20190001839/O/D20191839.pdf).
According to the provisions of this act (item 2, item 54), the development of photovoltaic systems is classified as projects that may potentially have a significant impact on the environment. If its area, together with the accompanying infrastructure, is no less than 0.5 ha and is located in areas covered by nature conservation forms (including national or landscape parks, nature reserves) or in the buffer zones of nature conservation forms, obtaining an environmental decision is mandatory.
The situation is similar if the farm development area exceeds 1 ha and is to be located in other areas. However, if the power plant is built in such areas and its area does not exceed 2 ha, obtaining an environmental decision is not required.
How to obtain a license to build a photovoltaic farm?
If we want to undertake the production of electricity as part of our business activity (energy conversion as the main subject of activity), we must obtain the appropriate license.
Its detailed conditions are included in the Energy Law. Additionally, if we have the connection conditions, we should apply to the President of the Energy Regulatory Office for a license to produce energy from a renewable source, such as solar energy. After receiving such authorization, registration on the TGE (Polish Power Exchange) exchange and launching and accepting the photovoltaic farm by the energy company, the power plant can begin its operation.
Of course, due to the power of the installation, the investor must have the legal title to dispose of the property on which the photovoltaic farm is to be located.
Investing in a photovoltaic farm installation must be a well-considered decision. It is worth considering such aspects as the possibility of co-financing the construction of this type of installation.
Build a farm with Solar-Project!
Photovoltaics is a modern and innovative solution that contributes to increasing the availability of clean electricity and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in Poland.
The number of photovoltaic installations is constantly growing, which indicates a great interest in this form of investment. Photovoltaic farms come in various sizes and ranges of applications, from small home installations to large solar power plants. It is worth noting that there are many factors to consider when planning this type of investment.
Investing in a photovoltaic farm can be profitable both ecologically and economically, and the availability of various forms of funding can help in its implementation.
Do you want to start an investment and find out its cost? Contact us and we will carry out a free on-site inspection for you.